This module defines fluency and explains the close relationship between oral reading fluency and reading comprehension. Building on models of reading acquisition introduced in previous modules, it explains and illustrates why and how fluency in component reading skills leads to fluent reading of text. Many research-based techniques for building fluency at each tier of instruction (classroom, small group, and intensive intervention) are demonstrated and practiced. The module concludes with a chapter on progress monitoring with curriculum-based fluency measures.